全球化和数字经济的迅猛发展深刻改变了社会经济结构,特别是劳动形式与劳动关系。数字劳动成为了现代资本主义的重要组成部分,然而,传统马克思主义关于劳动价值和剥削的理论是否仍然适用于这种新型劳动形式?本文聚焦于数字劳动的解构,通过与马克思主义关于劳动价值理论的对话,探讨这种新型劳动形式与马克思主义的传统劳动价值理论和剥削模式的不同。通过分析数字劳动的非典型劳动关系、劳动价值的重新定义、劳动关系的变革、剥削形式的转变,揭示数字经济中的新型剥削机制和资本扩张逻辑。Globalization and the rapid development of the digital economy have profoundly changed the socio-economic structure, especially the forms of labor and labor relations. Digital labor has become an important part of modern capitalism, but is the traditional Marxist theory of labor value and exploitation still applicable to this new form of labor? Focusing on the deconstruction of digital labor, this paper explores how this new form of labor differs from traditional Marxist theories of labor value and models of exploitation by engaging in a dialogue with Marxist theories on labor value. By analyzing the atypical labor relations of digital labor, the redefinition of labor value, the change of labor relations, and the transformation of the form of exploitation, it reveals a new type of exploitation mechanism and the logic of capital expansion in the digital economy.
抽象劳动在马克思主义价值理论中的中心地位似乎暗示了一种本质主义立场,与埃内斯托·拉克劳(Ernesto Laclau)的后结构主义霸权理论不相容。但是本文认为,马克思主义价值理论,在莫伊舍.普殊同(Moishe Postone)的解释中实际上与拉克劳对社会偶然性的关注非常兼容,因为他将抽象劳动理解为社会关系的框架。因此,本文的中心观点是将抽象劳动解释为一种偶然的霸权形态,这种霸权形态是建立在对直接有用的工作的对抗性排斥之上的。The centrality of abstract labor in the Marxist theory of value seems to suggest an essentialist position incompatible with Ernesto Laclau’s theory of poststructuralist hegemony. However, this paper argues that the Marxist theory of value in Moishe Postpone’s interpretation is actually very compatible with Laclau’s concern for social contingencies, as he understands abstract labor as a framework for social relations. Thus, the central point of this paper is to interpret abstract labor as an accidental form of hegemony based on the antagonistic rejection of work that is directly useful.
