目的:了解社区老年人口腔衰弱与孤独感的现状并分析两者的相关性,为社区护理工作提供参考。方法:便利选取南宁市2所社区的221名老年人为研究对象,使用一般资料调查表、老年人口腔衰弱筛查量表及中文版De Jong Gierveld孤独感量表进行调查。结果:社区老年人口腔衰弱总分为(5.42±2.15)分,孤独感总分为(4.26±1.39)分,社区老年人口腔衰弱与孤独感呈正相关(r=0.521,P<0.01)。分层回归分析结果显示,控制一般资料后,中文版De Jong Gierveld孤独感量表中的社交孤独和情感孤独维度可以解释社区老年人口腔衰弱的21.6%的变异(均P<0.05)。结论:社区老年人口腔衰弱为高风险,孤独感水平为中等孤独,孤独感能正向预测口腔衰弱风险。社会工作者应普及口腔相关知识,提供丰富的娱乐活动,关注社区老年人的心理健康,以减缓社区老年人口腔衰弱进程,提高生活质量。
本研究调查了868名四川农村初中生,旨在探究家庭功能与孤独感之间的关系,并检验师生关系和自尊在其中的链式中介作用。研究结果显示,家庭功能对孤独感具有显著的负向预测作用,师生关系和自尊在这一关系中均起到中介作用,并且存在显著的链式中介效应:家庭功能通过影响师生关系,进而影响自尊,最终影响孤独感。研究认为,良好的家庭功能有助于初中生建立积极的师生关系和提升自尊水平,从而降低孤独感。This study surveyed 868 rural junior high school students in Sichuan Province to explore the relationship between family function and loneliness, and to examine the mediating role of teacher-student relationship and self-esteem in the chain. The results show that family function has a significant negative predictive effect on loneliness, and both teacher-student relationship and self-esteem play a mediating role in this relationship, and there is a significant chain mediating effect: family function affects teacher-student relationship, then affects self-esteem, and ultimately affects loneliness. Studies believe that good family functions help junior high school students to establish a positive teacher-student relationship and enhance the level of self-esteem, thereby reducing loneliness.
