The wave-CISK (cumulus convection heating feedback), the air-sea interaction and the evaporation-wind feedback are together introduced into a simple theoretical model, in order to understand their effect on driving tropical atmospheric intraseasonal oscillation (ISO). The results showed that among the introduced dynamical processes the wave-CISK plays a major role in reducing phase speed of the wave to be closer to the observed tropical ISO. While the evaporation-wind feedback plays a major role in unstabilizing the wave. The air-sea interaction has certain effect on slowing down the phase speed of the wave. Therefore, the wave-CISK and evaporation-wind feedback can be regarded as fundamental dynamical mechanism of the tropical ISO. This study also shows that since the effects of the evaporation-wind feedback and the air-sea interaction were introduced, the excited wave is zonally dispersive, which can dynamically explain the activity feature of the observed ISO in the tropical atmosphere very well.
基于卫星高度计数据、模式数据和同化资料揭示了东印度沿岸流(East India Coastal Current, EICC)年周期上的时空分布特征,并探讨了其可能的影响机制及热盐输运。在年周期上EICC呈现3种分布状态,受季风影响,在东北季风前期(10—12月)和后期(2—5月)为一致的南向(北向)流动;而6—8月EICC呈3段式分布,与另外两个时间段明显不同,表现为9°N以南、16°N以北区域的南向流动和9°—16°N区域的北向流动。前人研究认为印度东海岸的局地风应力是EICC的主要机制,本研究发现除局地风应力外,来自孟加拉湾中部的艾克曼抽吸(EkmanPumping)在全年也发挥着重要作用,并在2—5月(10—12月)驱动EICC的北向(南向)流动,而局地风应力则在10—12月有利于EICC的南向流动。EICC是孟加拉湾低盐水向赤道东印度洋和阿拉伯海输运的一个因素,在海盆间的热盐交换上发挥着重要作用。EICC的热输运在6—12月(2—5月)有利于(不利于)湾内温度的升高;盐输运则在全年都有利于孟加拉湾内盐度的增加。此外,EICC的一致南向(北向)流动以及3段式结构促进了湾内热盐的再分配,对于维持北印度洋的热量和盐度收支平衡具有重要作用。
