慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一个全球性的公共卫生问题,常由气道或者肺泡的异常所导致。COPD可累及多个系统,其中骨骼肌肉系统就是之一,可导致肌少症,肌少症又可加速疾病的进程,增加患者的住院率及死亡率。因此,本文就慢性阻塞性肺疾病与肌少症之间的相关性展开综述。Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global public health problem, often caused by abnormalities in the airway or alveoli. COPD can involve multiple systems, of which the skeletal muscle system is one, can lead to sarcopenia, and sarcopenia can accelerate the process of the disease, increase the rate of hospitalization and mortality of patients. Therefore, this article reviews the correlation between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and sarcopenia.
腮腺慢性阻塞性疾病(chronic obstructive diseases of parotid)在临床多见,病情反复,治疗效果欠佳。本文参阅"腮腺反复肿胀"相关文献,结合个人临床实践和研究成果,从病因学的角度将腮腺阻塞性疾病分为机械性阻塞、特异性阻塞和非特异性阻塞3大类,并引入流体力学的原理解释腮腺阻塞的机制,针对不同病因提出改变腮腺微流场中唾液流动状态,减少流动阻力以解除阻塞的治疗新思路:传统的结石取出可清除导管内机械性阻塞,药物促进唾液分泌以改变唾液粘滞度,内镜下扩张导管或放置支架以扩大管径,选择性栓塞侧支导管以减少流场中高压区和低速区等等,这些方法均能有效提高唾液流动速率,减少唾液滞留和腮腺阻塞的发生。