在经济全球化的背景下,民航作为一种交通运输方式之一,是带动区域经济发展的重要驱动力。民航飞行员核心胜任能力评价极大程度上指向了其安全执行飞行任务的能力,而国内现阶段研究中对民航飞行员核心胜任能力的评价存在一定空白,缺乏一个专业系统的计算方法来直观反映该能力。本文在对现阶段国际上普遍认可的民航飞行员应具备的核心胜任能力归纳及总结基础之上,建立了民航飞行员核心胜任能力训练指数体系,采用指数分析的方法来准确直观地分析飞行员核心胜任能力。基于指数计算结果对民航飞行员核心胜任能力做出评估,对核心胜任能力薄弱项进行分析并给出相关建议,促进民航飞行员不同核心胜任能力的培养。In the context of economic globalization, civil aviation transportation is an important driving force for regional economic development. The evaluation of civil aviation pilots’ core competence largely points to their ability to perform flight missions safely. At this stage, there is a lack of a professional and systematic calculation method to visually reflect the core competence of civil aviation pilots in the evaluation of this competence. This paper establishes a core competency training index system for civil aviation pilots based on a summary of the core competencies of civil aviation pilots that are generally recognised internationally at this stage. The methodology of index analysis is used to accurately and visually analyse the core competencies of pilots. Based on the results of the index calculation, the core competencies of civil aviation pilots are evaluated, the weak items of core competencies are analysed and relevant suggestions are given to promote the cultivation of different core competencies of civil aviation pilots.
为实现民航飞行教员合作能力的量化评价,基于合作问题解决(Collaborative Problem Solving,CPS)框架提出了一种飞行教员合作能力测评方法并进行实例验证。首先,结合飞行教员工作情境及任务需求,采用21世纪能力的教学与评价(Assessment and Teaching of 21st Century Skills,ATC21S)项目开发的CPS框架,以情景问答形式设计合作能力测评方案;通过实施专家问卷,证实了CPS框架在飞行教员应对极端飞行情景下的适用性及测试设计合理性;最后,开发了民航飞行教员合作能力测评系统模块,应用该模块采集了飞行教员数据进行验证。结果表明:CPS框架可以用于民航飞行教员的合作能力评估;同时,社会技能(参与、观点采纳和社交管理),尤其是适应性响应是影响飞行教员合作能力水平的关键因素。基于CPS框架的民航飞行教员合作能力测评方法具有适用性和推广价值,为下一步开展飞行教员能力测评、选拔及训练提供了基础和参考。
