从女职工作为普通公民、劳动者或者妇女这一特殊群体中任一视角出发,其精神健康都是需要予以保障的重要内容,因此在法律层面的预防和救济也是题中应有之义。据调查,女职工精神健康问题不仅已经涉及许多精神类疾病,甚至还因这些心理因素连带引发包括偏头痛、哮喘等在内的其他躯体疾病。女职工精神健康受到多方面的影响,在职场内的女性劳动者精神健康受到侵害的可能性也因这些影响因素的增加而增大。在这一基础上,从女职工精神健康问题的诱因这一角度对侵害女职工精神健康的行为进行类型划分,在总结该侵害行为的定义、性质、特征和构成要件之后,从立法、执法和司法三个角度分析目前我国有关女职工精神健康的法律保障现状,尝试总结其中存在的若干问题,并在此基础上提出具有可行性和针对性的措施。From the perspective of female workers as ordinary citizens, labourers or any of the special groups of women, their mental health is an important element that needs to be safeguarded, and therefore prevention and relief at the legal level is also the right thing to do. According to surveys, the mental health problems of female workers not only involve many mental illnesses, but also lead to other physical illnesses, including migraine and asthma, as a result of these psychological factors. The mental health of female workers is affected in many ways, and the likelihood that the mental health of female labourers in the workplace will be violated increases as a result of these influencing factors. On this basis, we classify the types of behaviours that infringe on the mental health of female workers from the perspective of the causes of female workers’ mental health problems, and after summarizing the definition, nature, characteristics and constituent elements of such infringement behaviours, we analyse the current status of legal protection for the mental health of female
人工智能和大数据的出现加速推进了电子商务的发展,消费者个人信息保护逐渐成为社会关注的焦点,对消费者个人信息保护成为了一个重要的法律问题。大数据算法给消费者带来便利的同时,对消费者隐私和个人信息安全也带来了威胁。在电子商务交易中,消费者个人信息成为电商企业重要的数据资源,广告的精准投送助推了商家订单的成交量,但不少商家为了牟利,非法收集使用和泄漏消费者个人信息,损害消费者的合法权益。此外,由于消费者在电商交易中处于弱势的一方,在发生个人信息泄漏时,往往无法及时采取相应的阻止措施,难以维护自身的合法权益。因此,针对电子商务中消费者个人信息保护出现的消费者维权困难、监管力度不足等问题,提出相应的对策,不仅可以为我国电子商务消费者个人信息法律保护提供理论支撑,而且也有利于推进电子商务行业有序发展。The emergence of artificial intelligence and big data has accelerated the development of e-commerce, and the protection of consumers’ personal information has gradually become the focus of social attention, and the protection of consumers’ personal information has become an important legal issue. While big data algorithms bring convenience to consumers, they also pose a threat to consumer privacy and personal information security. In e-commerce transactions, consumers’ personal information has become an important data resource for e-commerce enterprises, and the precise delivery of advertisements has boosted the transaction volume of merchants’ orders, but many merchants illegally collect, use and leak consumers’ personal information in order to make profits, harming the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. In addition, because consumers are the weaker party in e-commerce transactions, they are often unable to take corresponding measures to prevent personal information leakage in a timely manner, an
