肌肉减少症是肿瘤患者的常见并发症,肿瘤患者经标准治疗后,会出现严重的不良反应,如食欲不振、恶心呕吐等,进而导致肌肉量减少,其主要机制是蛋白水解途径的激活。肌少症与不良临床结果显著相关,包括治疗毒性风险增加,缩短总生存期等。近几年,调查发现消化道肿瘤患者肌少症发病率居高不下,而营养和运动干预对防治肌肉减少症具有重要意义。本文将现阶段主动营养与运动干预对消化道肿瘤相关性肌肉减少症的影响机制及研究现状做一综述。Muscle atrophy is a common complication in cancer patients. After standard treatment, cancer patients may experience serious adverse reactions such as loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, leading to a decrease in muscle mass. The main mechanism is the activation of the protein hydrolysis pathway. Sarcopenia is significantly associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including increased risk of treatment toxicity and shortened overall survival. In recent years, investigations have found that the incidence rate of sarcopenia in patients with digestive tract tumors remains high, and nutrition and exercise intervention are of great significance for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. This article provides a review of the current mechanisms and research status of the effects of active nutrition and exercise interventions on muscle atrophy associated with gastrointestinal tumors.
