脑小血管病是指各种病因导致大脑小动脉、小静脉和毛细血管的病变所致的一系列临床影像病理综合征。它是脑血管疾病最常见的亚型之一,与卒中的发生和复发、认知障碍、步态障碍、心理障碍和排尿困难有关。尽管脑小血管病对人们生活造成重大负担,但对其潜在病理生理机制的了解并不完全。目前,CSVD的诊断主要依靠神经影像学指标,但不能完全反映疾病的全貌。近年来,人们研究发现一些炎症标志物与CSVD有关,但其潜在机制尚不完全清楚。本文旨在系统地回顾和总结CSVD发病机制及相关炎症标志物,以期为CSVD的诊断和治疗提供思路。Cerebral small vessel disease is a series of clinico-imaging pathological syndromes resulting from various etiological factors causing lesions in the small arteries, veins and capillaries of the brain. It is one of the most common subtypes of cerebrovascular disease and is associated with the development and recurrence of stroke, cognitive impairment, gait disturbance, psychological disturbances, and urinary difficulties. Despite the significant burden of cerebral small vessel disease on people’s lives, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are incompletely understood. Currently, the diagnosis of CSVD relies on neuroimaging indices, which do not fully reflect the full picture of the disease. In recent years, some inflammatory markers have been investigated and found to be associated with CSVD, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. The aim of this paper is to systematically review and summarise the inflammatory markers related to the pathogenesis of CSVD, with a view to providing ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of CSVD.
