CRISPR基因编辑技术通过精准定位和编辑特定基因序列,可以识别与肿瘤细胞生长、增殖、分化、侵袭和耐药性相关的基因,简化并高效推进肿瘤的分子机制研究,被广泛地应用于精准肿瘤学研究当中,包括用于检测肿瘤源性的生物标志物、肿瘤异质性分析、工程化改造免疫细胞,以及构建肿瘤疾病模型等。尽管CRISPR/Cas基因编辑技术在肿瘤诊疗领域展现出了巨大潜力,但仍需面对脱靶效应、递送效率低等瓶颈。文中就目前CRISPR技术在肿瘤学精准诊疗领域的最新进展进行综述。CRISPR gene editing technology can identify genes associated with tumor cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, invasion, and drug resistance by precisely targeting and editing specific gene sequences, simplifying and efficiently advancing the study of molecular mechanisms of tumors, and has been widely used in precision oncology research, including for detecting tumor-derived biomarkers, analyzing tumor heterogeneity, engineering modified immune cells, and constructing tumor disease models, etc. Although CRISPR/Cas gene editing technology has shown great potential in the field of tumor diagnosis and treatment, it still needs to face bottlenecks such as off-target effects and low delivery efficiency. The paper provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art of CRISPR technology in the field of accurate diagnosis and treatment in oncology.
