The cooling rate sensitivities of Al Ti B, RE and Al Ti B–RE refiners were investigated using laboratory experiments and the actual industrial applications of A356 automotive wheel via low pressure die casting technology. Their impact mechanisms on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the A356 alloy were discussed. The results demonstrated that the Al Ti B–RE refiner possessed most effective and synergetic refinement effects compared to the individual Al Ti B or RE refiners. The Al Ti B–RE refiner exhibited the least sensitivity to the cooling rate changes than the other refiners. The comprehensive properties of alloy wheel refined by the Al Ti B–RE refiner were improved significantly.The tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of wheel spoke improved by approximately 11.3%, 10.8% and 44.1%,respectively. The property difference values of the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation in different positions of the wheel decreased from 14.8%, 31.2% and 47.7% to 8.6%, 27.1% and 30.9%, respectively.
Sc_(2)O_(3)was successfully extracted and separated from Bayan Obo tailings by a CaCl_(2)-reductive carbon powder-combinative roasting method.The optimum pro-cess condition was obtained through adjusting specific ef-fect factors.It is found that Sc_(2)O_(3)with the ratio of 87.51%is leached out under roasting temperature of 800℃for 2 h through adding 73%CaCl_(2),and 20%reductive carbon powder with liquid to solid ratio of 3.Moreover,the specific reaction mechanism during roasting process was investi-gated by thermogravimetric–differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC)and X-ray diffraction(XRD)tech-niques.The results show that the main phases(SiO_(2),CaF_(2) and NaFeSi_(2)O_(6))as well as important phases(LiScSi_(2)O_(6),REFCO_(3)and REPO_(4))would turn into new phases(CaFe-SiO_(4),Fe,Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2),NaCl,RE_(2)O_(3)and Sc_(2)O_(3))after com-plicated reactions,which effectively break up the original mineral compositions and activate the existing state of containing scandium matter,consequently facilitating the subsequent hydrochloric acid leaching process.
