Objective: There are two genotypes of the vacA intermediate region, i1 and i2; however, the association between the genotypes and gastroduodenal disease remains to be elucidated. The aim of this article was to investigate the interaction between the genotypes and H. pylori-associated diseases such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease(PUD) and gastric cancer. Methods: The meta-analysis was performed in Review Manager 4.2.2. Results: Eleven(ten articles and one abstract) met the inclusion criteria and were included. The i1 genotype increased the risk of PUD(OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.24–2.33, P < 0.001) and gastric cancer(OR = 3.90, 95% CI: 2.64–5.78, P < 0.001). Sub-analysis showed that the i1 genotype was significantly associated with gastric ulcers(OR = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.05–6.35, P = 0.040), but not with duodenal ulcers(OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.61–1.76, P = 0.90). In addition, the association between the i1 genotype and PUD and GC existed in studies not only from Europe but also Asia, except for the association between the i1 genotype and PUD in Asian population. Conclusion: The vacA i1 genotype is associated with an increased risk of the development of peptic ulcer disease(mainly gastric ulcer) and gastric cancer. In geographical distribution, the association between the i1 genotype and PUD and GC existed in studies not only from Europe but also Asia, except for the association between the i1 genotype and PUD in Asian population.
Superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(SESCC)is defined as carcinoma with mucosal or submucosal invasion,regardless of regional lymph node metastasis(LNM).The lymph node status is not only a key factor to determine the training strategy,but also the most important prognostic factor in esophageal cancer.In this study,we establish a clinical nomogram for predicting LNM in patients with SESCC.A predictive model was established based on the training cohort composed of 711 patients who underwent esophagectomy for SESCC from December 2009 to June 2018.A prospective cohort of 203 patients from June 2018 to January 2019 was used for validation.Favorable calibration and well-fitted decision curve analysis were conducted and good discrimination was observed(concordance index[C-index],0.860;95%confidence interval[CI],0.825-0.894)through internal validation.The external validation cohort presented good discrimination(C-index,0.916;95%CI,0.860-0.971).This model may facilitate the prediction of LNM in patients with SESCCs.
