China has markedly increased infectious disease surveillance efforts after the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003.1 When the first pneumonia cases with unknown etiology from Shanghai were reported to the National Health and Family Planning Commission and the China Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in March 2013,our Chinese doctors and scientists show more confident to face the emerging infectious disease than 10 years ago.The marker is that we independently made the discovery that the pneumonia occurring in Shanghai,Jiangsu,Anhui and Zhejiang was caused by a novel reassortant avian-origin influenza A (H7N9)
