丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)是一种严重危害人类健康的病原体,全球感染率约3%,中国普通人群抗HCV阳性率约3.2%。然而,到目前为止,HCV感染还没有有效的治疗方法。近年的研究发现,HCV非结构蛋白NS2在HCV感染中扮演着重要角色,具有许多重要功能。NS2可以在HCV病毒的包装过程中发挥其功能,还可调节宿主细胞的基因表达及凋亡过程。此外,NS2蛋白还可参与NS5A磷酸蛋白的高度磷酸化修饰过程及为感染性HCV病毒粒子产生所必需。本文综述近几年来关于NS2蛋白的研究进展。
The human liver is the largest organ in the body and has many important physiological functions. A global analysis of human liver proteins is essential for a better understanding of the molecular basis of the normal functions of the liver and of its diseases. As part of the Human Liver Proteome Project (HLPP), the goal of the present study was to visualize and detect as many proteins as possible in normal human livers using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). We have constructed a reference map of the proteins of human normal liver that can be used for the comprehensive analysis of the human liver proteome and other related research. To improve the resolution and enhance the detection of low abundance proteins, we developed and optimized narrow pH range ultra-zoom 2-DE gels. High resolution patterns of human liver in pH gradients 4.5-5.5, 5-6, 5.5-6.7, 6-9 and 6-11 are presented. To improve the poor resolution in the alkaline pH range of 2-DE gels, we optimized the isoelectric focusing protocol by including sample application using cup loading at the anode and incorporating 1.2% hydroxyethyl disulfide, 15% 2-propanol and 5% glycerol in the rehydration buffer. Using the optimized protocol, we obtained reproducibly better resolution in both analytical and preparative 2-DE gels. Compared with the 2386 and 1878 protein spots resolved in the wide range 3-10 and 4-7 pH gradients respectively, we obtained 5481 protein spots from the multiple (overlapping) narrow pH range ultra-zoom gels in the range of pH 4.5-9. The visualized reference map of normal human liver proteins presented in this paper will be valuable for comparative proteomic research of the liver proteome.
MI WeiLIU XinJIA WeiLI LeiCAI YunYING WanTaoQIAN XiaoHong
