We investigate the effects of(N,N'-diphenyl)-N,N'-bis(1-naphthyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine(NPB) buffer layers on charge collection in inverted ZnO/MEH-PPV hybrid devices. The insertion of a 3-nm NPB thin layer enhances the efficiency of charge collection by improving charge transport and reducing the interface energy barrier, resulting in better device performances. S-shaped light J–V curve appears when the thickness of the NPB layer reaches 25 nm, which is induced by the inefficient charge extraction from MEH-PPV to Ag. Capacitance–voltage measurements are performed to further investigate the influence of the NPB layer on charge collection from both simulations and experiments.
The enhanced performance of a squaraine compound, with 2,4-bis[4-(N,N-diisobutylamino)-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl]squaraine as the donor and [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester(PC71BM) as the acceptor, in solution-processed organic photovoltaic devices is obtained by using UV-ozone-treated MoO3 as the hole-collecting buffer layer. The optimized thickness of the MoO3 layer is 8 nm, at which the device shows the best power conversion efficiency(PCE) among all devices, resulting from a balance of optical absorption and charge transport. After being treated by UV-ozone for 10 min,the transmittance of the MoO3 film is almost unchanged. Atomic force microscopy results show that the treated surface morphology is improved. A high PCE of 3.99% under AM 1.5 G illumination(100 mW/cm2) is obtained.
Tb 3+ -doped Ca2BO3Cl compounds with different charge compensation approaches are synthesized by a high-temperature solid-state reaction method, and the luminescent properties and Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates are systematically characterized. Ca2BO3Cl:Tb 3+ can produce green emission under 376 nm radiation excitation. With codoped A + (A = Li, Na, K) as charge compensators, the relative emission intensities of Ca2BO3Cl:Tb 3+ are enhanced by about 1.61, 1.97, and 1.81 times compared with those of the direct charge balance, which is considered to be due to the effect of the difference in ion radius on the crystal field. The CIE chromaticity coordinates of Ca2BO3Cl:Tb 3+ , A + (A = Li, Na, K) are (0.335, 0.584), (0.335, 0.585), and (0.335, 0.585), corresponding to the hues of green. Therefore, A + (A = Li, Na, K) may be the optimal charge compensator for Ca2BO3Cl:Tb 3+ .
The effects of MoO3thin buffer layer on charge carrier injection and extraction in inverted configuration ITO/ZnO/MEH-PPV(poly(2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene))/MoO3(0,5 nm)/Ag hybrid solar cells are investigated by capacitance–voltage measurement under dark and light illumination conditions.The efficiency of charge carrier injection and extraction is enhanced by inserting 5 nm MoO3thin layer,resulting in better device performances.Charge carrier transport of the whole device is improved and the interface energy barrier is reduced by inserting 5 nm MoO3thin buffer layer.The device fill factor is increased from 54.1%to 57.5%after modifying 5 nm MoO3.Simulations and experimental results consistently show that in the forward voltage under dark,the device with the 5 nm MoO3thin layer modification generates larger value of capacitance than the device without MoO3layer.While under illumination,the device with the 5 nm MoO3layer generates smaller value of capacitance than the device without the 5 nm MoO3layer in the bias region of reverse and before the peak position of maximum capacitance(VCmax).The underlying mechanism of the MoO3anode buffer layer on device current density–voltage characteristics is discussed.
Wei GongZheng XuSuling ZhaoXiaodong LiuXing FanQianqian YangChao Kong
