Four electrochemical methods, cyclic voltammetric deposition, potentiostatic electrodeposition, multi-potential step electrodeposition and three-step electrodeposition, were used to fabricate Au micro/nanostructures on self-doped polyaniline nanofibers-coated glassy carbon electrodes (Au/nanoSPAN/GCEs). The Au micro/nanostructures deposited on the nanoSPAN-modified electrodes were shown by scanning electron microscopy to exhibit different morphologies, such as Au nanoparticle clusters, monodisperse nanoparticles and homogeneously dispersed flower-like microparticles, depending on the deposition method. This phenomenon demonstrates that control over the morphology of Au metal can be easily achieved by adjusting the electrodeposition method. The electrochemical behaviors of the Au/nanoSPAN/GCEs also varied with above four methods, which were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In comparison with Au nanoparticle clusters and monodisperse Au nanoparticles, homogeneously dispersed flower-like Au microparticles had the largest surface area and obviously enhanced electrochemical response towards the redox reactions of [Fe(CN)6]3–/4– on the modified electrode. DNA immobilization on the Au/nanoSPAN/GCEs was investigated by differential pulse voltammetry using [Fe(CN)6]3–/4– as an indicator. The efficiency of DNA immobilization was inherently related to their different Au micro/nanostructure morphologies. The Au/nano-SPAN/GCE fabricated by three-step electrodeposition showed the largest capacity for immobilization of single stranded DNA, which makes it a promising DNA biosensor.
Herein, we present the electrochemical co-deposition of Al3+/graphene composites directly from an aqueous mixture containing graphene oxide (GO) and Al3+. The obtained Al3+/graphene composites with good electrochemical activity were regarded as an appropriate immobilization platform for double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). The nontoxic redox probe xanthurenic acid (XA) was successfully applied to recognize single-stranded DNA and dsDNA. We illustrated that the scission of dsDNA caused by GO combining with some metal ions could be detected by monitoring the electrochemical signals of XA.
An electrochemical sensor for the detection of the natural double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) damage induced by PbSe quantum dots (QDs) under UV irradiation was developed. The biosensing membranes were prepared by successively assembling 3-mercaptopropionic acid, polycationic poly (diallyldimethyl ammonium) and dsDNA on the surface of the gold electrode. Damage of dsDNA was fulfilled by immersing the sensing membrane electrode in PbSe QDs suspension and illuminating it with an UV lamp. Cyclic voltammetry was utilized to detect dsDNA damage with Co(phen)3+3 as the electroactive probe. The UV irradiation, Pb2+ ions liberated from the PbSe QDs under the UV irradiation and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in the presence of the PbSe QDs also under the UV irradiation were the three factors of inducing the dsDNA damage. The synergistic effect of the three factors might dramatically enhance the damage of dsDNA. This electrochemical sensor provided a simple method for detecting DNA damage, and may be used for investigating the DNA damage induced by other QDs.
Chuan Xia Yin,Tao Yang,Wei Zhang,Xiao Dong Zhou,Kui Jiao~* Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering,Ministry of Education,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266042,China
