The interaction between fluid and a down-pumping pitched blade turbine fixed with a flexible shaft in the stirred vessel, as a typical fluid structure interaction phenomenon, was simulated by coupling the Computational Fluid Dynamics and Computational Structural Dynamics. Based on the verification of the simulated impeller torque and dimensionless shaft bending moment with experimental result, the dimensionless shaft bending moment and various loads acting on impeller(including lateral force, axial force and bending moment) were discussed in detail. By separating and extracting the fluid and structural components from those loads, the results show that the shaft bending moment mainly results from the lateral force on impeller although the axial force on impeller is much larger. The impeller mass imbalance increases the shaft bending moment and the lateral force on impeller, but has little influence on the axial force and bending moment acting on impeller. The dominant frequencies of impeller forces are macro-frequency, speed frequency and blade passing frequency, and are associated with the impeller mass imbalance.
Yangyang LiangZhengming GaoDai'en ShiWanli ZhaoZiqi Cai
The gassed power demand and volumetric mass transfer coefficient （kca） were investigated in a fully baffled, dished-base stirred vessel with a diameter of 0.30 m agitated by five triple-impeller combinations. Six types of impellers （six-half-elliptical-blade disk turbine （HEDT）, four-wide-blade hydrofoil impeller （WH） pumping down （D） and pumping up （U）, parabolic-blade disk turbine （PDT）, and CBY narrow blade （N） and wide blade （W）） were used to form five combinations identified by PDT ＋ 2CBYN, PDT ＋ 2CBYw, PDT ＋ 2WHD, HEDT ＋ 2WHD and HEDT ＋ 2WHo, respectively. The results show that the relative power demand of HEDT ＋ 2WHu is higher than that of other four impeller combinations under all operating conditions. At low superficial gas velocity （uc）, kLa differences among impeller combinations are not obvious. However when UG iS high, PDT ＋ 2WHD shows the best mass transfer performance and HEDT ＋ 2WHu shows the worst mass trans- fer performance under all operating conditions. At high uc and a given power input, the impeller combinations with high agitation speed and big projection cross-sectional area lead to relatively high values of kLa. Based on the experimental data, the regressed correlations of gassed power number with Froude number and gas flow number, and kLa with power consumption and superficial gas velocity are obtained for five different impeller combinations, which could be used as guidance for industrial design.
Jinjin ZhangZhengming GaoYating CaiZiqi CaiJie YangYuyun Bao
The behaviors of time-dependent interaction between two buoyancy-driven in-line deformable drops rising in pure glycerin at Re 〈 1 were studied, where the diameter for the leading drops ranged from 9.51 mm to 12.6 mm and for trailing drops from 12.7 mm to 15.8 mm. The situation while a larger drop chasing a smaller one was specifically considered which typically led to the smaller drop ＂coating＂ the larger one. Two approaches, the geometric feature approach and the energy change one, were used to judge the starting and ending times of the interaction between two drops. Based on a conical wake model, the drag coefficient of two approaching drops was calculated. Due to the approaching effect of the trailing drop, the leading drop was accelerated and the average drag coefficient was smaller than that for a free rising single drop. The frequency spectrums of the lateral oscillation of two drops during the interaction were obtained by using Fourier analysis. The oscillation frequency of the interactional drops was also different from that for a free rising single drop because of the wake effect produced by the leading drop. Due to a superposition of the drop shape oscillation and the drop internal circulation, the transverse oscillation frequencies of two drops have the same trend during the approaching process.
Vertical distributions of local void fraction and bubble size in air-water dispersion system were measured with a dual conductivity probe in a fully baffled dished base stirred vessel with the diameter T of 0.48 m, holding 0.134 m3 liquid. The impeller combination with a six parabolic blade disk turbine below two down-pumping hy- drofoil propellers, identified as PDT ＋ 2CBY, was used in this study. The effects of the impeller diameter D, rang- ing from 0.30T to 0.40T （corresponding to D/T from 0.30 to 0.40）, on the local void fraction and bubble size were investigated by both experimental and CFD simulation methods. At low superficial gas velocity Vs of 0.0077 m· s-1, there is no obvious difference in the local void fraction distribution for all systems with different D/T. However, at high superficial gas velocity, the system with a D/TofO.30 leads to higher local void fraction than systems with other D/T. There is no significant variation in the axial distribution of the Sauter mean bubble size for all the systems with different D/T at the same gas superficial velocity. CFD simulation based on the two-fluid model along with the population balance model （PBM） was used to investigate the effect of the impeller diameter on the gas-liquid flows. The local void fraction predicted by the numerical simulation approach was in reasonable a^reement with the experimental data.
The impeller configuration with a six parabolic blade disk turbine below two down-pumping hydrofoil propellers, identified as PDT + 2CBY, was used in this study. The effect of the impeller diameter D, ranging from0.30 T to 0.40T(T as the tank diameter), on gas dispersion in a stirred tank of 0.48 m diameter was investigated by experimental and CFD simulation methods. Power consumption and total gas holdup were measured for the same impeller configuration PDT + 2CBY with four different D/T. Results show that with D/T increases from 0.30 to 0.40, the relative power demand(RPD) in a gas–liquid system decreases slightly. At low superficial gas velocity VSof 0.0078 m·s-1, the gas holdup increases evidently with the increase of D/T. However, at high superficial gas velocity, the system with D/T = 0.33 gets a good balance between the gas recirculation and liquid shearing rate, which resulted in the highest gas holdup among four different D/T. CFD simulation based on the two-fluid model along with the Population Balance Model(PBM) was used to investigate the effect of impeller diameter on the gas dispersion. The power consumption and total gas holdup predicted by CFD simulation were in reasonable agreement with the experimental data.
