The objective of this study was to understand the effects of forest gap and variations in different seasons, gap size, locations and diurnal variations on forest microclimate and soil water content. Spatial and temporal distribution features of air temperature (TA ), soil temperature (TS ), relative humidity (h) and soil water content (Ψ) were measured in Castanopsis kawakamii natural forest gaps created by a severe typhoon or fallen dead trees. The results showed that: (1) the variations of TA , h, and TS in four seasons were extremely significant. The variations of Ψ in four seasons were extremely significant except for those between spring and summer. (2) The diurnal variations of TA and T S were expressed with a single peak curve. The diurnal variations of h and Ψ presented a high-low-high trend. (3) The variations of TA , h, and TS were extremely significant among the large, medium and small gaps in C. kawakamii natural forest. Medium gaps had the highest TA and the lowest h while small gaps were just contrary to medium gaps. The variations of Ψ were extremely significant for large, medium and small gaps except those between the medium and large gaps. (4) The TA , h, TS and Ψ were decreased from the gap center, canopy gap, expanded gap to understory. These results will help further our understanding of the abiotic and consequent biotic responses to gaps in the mid-subtropical broadleaved forests, which also provide a theoretical basis for the scientific management and population restoration of C. kawakamii natural forest.
HE ZhongshengLIU JinfuWU CaitingZHENG ShiqunHONG WeiSU SongjinWU Chengzhen
为理清并从整体上把握黄山松在林学领域的发展脉络,对其分类、资源分布、遗传学、生态学、生理生化、森林培育、病虫害防治等方面进行综述;采用CiteSpaceⅢ软件对Web of Science和中国知网CNKI数据库中1960-2014年220篇黄山松文献进行分析,并绘制其关键词、作者、机构和期刊的知识图谱.结果表明,黄山松研究主要围绕黄山松、马尾松、松属、林分、生物量、树脂道、天然更新和种群展开;研究领域较具影响力作者有洪伟、范义荣、吴承祯、吴泽民和罗世家;主要研究机构为福建农林大学、安徽农业大学和浙江农林大学;《浙江林学院学报》、《安徽农业大学学报》等为高载文期刊.黄山松林业领域合作研究较少,基本处于独立研究状态.今后黄山松研究应重点关注其森林生态系统定位监测及其黄山松对气候变化的响应.
