Column setup has been widely utilized in the petroleum and chemistry industries. However, with the fast progress of industries and the increasingly serious energy shortage, designing a new column setup with better performance and higher capacity becomes more urgent. In order to improve column's capacity and expand operating condition, a new type of column tray named novel vertical spray packing(NVSP) tray was designed and experimented. The performances of the novel tray, including pressure drop, weeping, entrainment and tray efficiency, were tested in a plexiglass column. In addition, performances of the novel tray were compared with that of the sieve tray and the Glitsch V1 valve tray. Based on the experiment data, the mathematical correlations of pressure drop, weeping and entrainment for the novel tray were established by regression analysis method. A fundamental model of dry pressure drop of the novel tray was promoted at the form of sum mode. The results indicate that the novel tray has wider operating condition and better performance.
Solubility data of carbon dioxide （CO2） （1） in methanol （2）, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bis（trifluoro- methylsulfonyl）imide （[omim]＋[TfzN]-） （3）, and their mixtures （w3 = 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8） at temperatures 313.2 and 333.2 K and pressures up to 7.0 MPa were measured by a high-pressure view-cell technique. The solubility of CO2 in methanol （w3 = 0）, [omim]＋[Tf2N]- （w3 = 1.0） and their mixtures follows the order of （w3 = 0）〈（w3 = 0.2）〈 （w3 = 0.5）〈（w3 = 0.8）〈（w3 = 1.0） at the same temperature and pressure, while the magnitude of Henry＇s constants follows the reverse order at a given temperature, which is consistent with the COSMO-RS （conductor-like screen- ing for real solvents） calculation. The solubility data of CO2 in methanol and [omim]~[Tf2N]- are correlated with the Peng-Robinson equation of state, and the solubility of CO2 in the mixtures of methanol and [omim]＋[TfzN] can be well predicted based on the mole fraction average of methanol and [omim]＋[Tf2N] over the solubility of CO2 in pure methanol and [omim]＋[Tf2N] . The mixtures of methanol and [omim]＋[Tf2N]- may be used as physical solvents for capturing CO2 with high partial pressures since they combine the advantages of organic solvents and ionic liquids.
This work tries to identify the relationship between geometric configuration of monolith catalysts, and transfer and reaction performances for selective catalytic reduction of N2O with CO. Monolith catalysts with five different channel shapes (circle, regular triangle, rectangle, square and hexagon), was investigated to make a comprehensive comparison of their pressure drop, heat transfer Nu number, mass transfer Sh number and N2O conversion. It was found that monolith catalysts have a much lower pressure drop than that of traditional packed bed, and for monolith catalysts with different channel shapes, pressure drop decreases in the order of regular triangle > rectangle > square > hexagon > circle. The order of Nu is in regular triangle > rectangle ≈ square > hexagon > circle, similar to that of Sh. N2O conversion follows the order of regular triangle > rectangular ≈ square ≈ circle > hexagon. The results indicate that chemical reaction including internal diffusion is the controlling step in the selective catalytic reduction of N2O removal with CO. In addition, channel size and gas velocity also have influence on N2O conversion and pressure drop.
In this work,a series of acidic montmorillonite/cordierite monolithic catalysts were prepared by a coating method using silica sol as the binder.The morphology and structure of the acidic montmorillonite/cordierite samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD),N_2 adsorption/desorption isotherms,and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The cleavage of cumene hydroperoxide(CHP) in a conventional fixed-bed reactor was chosen as a model reaction to evaluate the catalytic activity of the monolithic catalysts.The influences of acidic montmorillonite loading,reaction temperature.CHP concentration,and weight hourly space velocity(WHSV) on the catalytic activity and selectivity of phenol were studied.The results indicated that the obtained acidic montmorillonite/cordierite monolithic catalysts were firm and compact,and the loading of acidic montmorillonite was found to reach 40%(by mass) after three coating operations.The surface area of acidic montmorillonite/cordierite catalysts increases greatly as acidic montmorillonite loading increases due to higher surface area of acidic montmorillonite.Under the optimal reaction conditions(acidic montmorillonite loading of 32.5%(by mass),temperature of 80 ℃,a mass ratio of CHP to acetone of 1:3,and WHSV of CHP of 90 h^(-1)),the conversion of CHP can reach 100%,and the selectivity of phenol is up to 99.8%.
