A new species of the genus Protocobitis, was discovered in an underground water source （110m depth） located about 5km away from the county town of Wuming, Guangxi, China, in May 2006. The new species, Protocobitis polylepis sp. nov., is distinguished from the single congener by the following characteristics：1） light black pigmentation present vs. no pigmentation; 2） entire body covered with scales except for its head and abdomen vs. rudimentary scales present only along the midline of the body; 3） head length 24.1%-24.8% of SL vs. 19.8%-22.1% of SL; 4） body depth 16.2%-16.3% of SL vs. 11.5%-13.0% of SL; 5） Inner rostral barbel length 19.8%-21.0% of head length vs. 9.4%-11.8% of head length; outer rostral barbel length 28.6%-30.2 % of head length vs. 15.3%-21.8% of head length; maxillary barbell length 44.6%-46.0% of head length vs. 22.4%-31.8% of head length.
光倒刺鲃（Spinibarbus hollandi Oshima），地方名：黄绢鱼、坑绢鱼、光眼鱼。隶属鲤形目鲤科鲃亚科倒刺囟巴属。广泛分布于西江水系各江河，是广西主要经济鱼类之一。其体厚肉肥，味道鲜美，胆可人药，主治小儿惊风及火眼热症，深受广大消费者欢迎。近年来，在南宁、龙州、桂林等地有不少养殖户进行网箱饲养，效益可观，养殖规模逐渐扩大，但其鱼种依靠天然采捕，导致江河的鱼种数量越来越少，
