词汇习得研究是语料库语言学界的研究热点,作为语料库驱动的短语研究的重要描述机制,扩展意义单位模型为研究词汇的整体性意义提供了新的研究视角。本研究利用美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以动词“demonstrate”为节点词,探讨了该词的扩展意义单位,即该动词的搭配、类联接特点、搭配词的语义倾向,以及整个复合词项的语义韵信息。研究发现,动词“demonstrate”常出现在学术文章中,常与带有“研究”词义的词汇搭配,多用于书面语。同时,该词能够与名词、形容词、副词和介词等词性进行不同的类联接,从而构成丰富多样的句法结构。此外,该词与形容词、副词和介词搭配时,分别体现积极、中性和消极的语义倾向,整个复合词项分别呈现出褒义、中立和贬义的语义韵。通过研究词汇的扩展意义单位,二语学习者可以发现整个扩展意义单位所传达的态度意义,从而提高自身的语言表达能力。The study of vocabulary acquisition has become a hot topic in the corpus linguistics community. As an important descriptive mechanism for corpus-driven phrase research, the extended unit of meaning model provides a new research perspective on the holistic meaning of vocabulary. This study utilizes the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) to investigate the extended unit of meaning of the verb “demonstrate”. This includes its collocation, colligation, semantic preference and semantic prosody. The results of the study indicate that the verb “demonstrate” frequently appears in academic articles, often collocates with words carrying the meaning of research, and is predominantly used in written language. Furthermore, this verb is able to form various syntactic structures through different collocations with nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions. Additionally, when collocating with adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions, the verb exhibits positive, neutral, and negative semant
Corporate ethics and sustainable development are receiving increasing attention in today’s society.More and more companies are realizing that ethical and sustainable development is not only a requirement for fulfilling social responsibility but also a key factor for achieving long-term growth and sustainable competitive advantage.As a result,companies are integrating ethics and sustainability into their strategies,decisions,and operations to achieve both business success and social benefit.However,some companies shout sustainability and environmental protection slogans;the actual practice differs from the claim.This paper combined the planning and actual data of the Coca-Cola Company and found that the Coca-Cola Company was suspected of greenwashing.While Coca-Cola does contribute to the environment,there is a difference between what it does and what it says.As for the possibility of this problem,the article also makes a relative solution and assessment.
在全球相对和平的环境中,尽管没有爆发大规模冲突,但局部冲突频发,如俄乌冲突、巴以冲突。在关于地域冲突的新闻研究中,动词“attack”频繁出现。基于美国当代语料库(COCA),本研究聚焦于“attack”动词的扩展意义单位,探讨其搭配、类联接特征、语义倾向及语境中传达的语义韵。研究发现,“attack”动词可与多种词类构成复杂句法结构,其搭配词多具有攻击性语义倾向,体现消极的语义韵,但也有少量表现出积极的语义韵。这一分析为新闻研究和地域冲突理解提供了视角,有助于更准确解读地域冲突新闻的复杂信息。In a relatively peaceful global context, despite the absence of large-scale wars, localized conflicts occur frequently, such as the Russia-Ukraine and Israel-Palestine conflicts. In war news studies, the verb “attack” frequently appears. Based on data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), this study focuses on the extended meaning units of the verb “attack,” exploring its collocations, colligational characteristics, semantic preference, and the semantic prosody conveyed in context. The findings reveal that the verb “attack” forms complex syntactic structures with various word classes, with collocates often exhibiting an aggressive semantic inclination, reflecting a negative semantic prosody, though a few instances demonstrate a positive semantic prosody. This analysis provides a perspective for news research and understanding of regional conflicts, contributing to a more accurate interpretation of the complex information within war-related news.
认知偏差影响二语习得进程,如词汇学习存在“刻板印象”、“过度概括”现象。本研究基于美国当代英语语料库(COCA),以“divorce”为节点词研究其扩展意义单位,从名词、动词两角度分别分析该搭配词的语义倾向,词类联接特点以及语义韵特征。研究发现,该词适用范围广泛,作为名词使用更正式。该词类联接丰富;中性语义倾向占绝对优势,其次为消极语义倾向,极少数表现积极的语义倾向。“divorce”与“from”搭配相对特殊,体现双重语义倾向。此外,发现两组体现消极语义韵的固定结构。除了与积极/消极搭配词共现,该词还通过因果逻辑、并列结构共现表现其语义韵特点。此外,存在不合理增强其消极性现象,应避免。在语言学习及研究过程中,英语学习者可借助扩展意义单位分析,以便更好地理解、应用该词。Cognitive biases affect the process of second language acquisition, such as the phenomena of “stereotyping” and “overgeneralization” in vocabulary learning. This study, based on the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), explores the extended meaning unit of the node word “divorce”, analyzing its semantic tendencies, word class connections, and semantic prosody features from both noun and verb perspectives. The findings show that “divorce” has a broad range of applications, with its use as a noun being more formal. The word class connections associated with “divorce” are rich and varied;its semantic tendencies are overwhelmingly neutral, followed by negative, with positive semantic tendencies being extremely rare. The collocation of “divorce” with “from” is relatively special, reflecting a dual semantic tendency. Furthermore, two sets of fixed structures exhibiting negative semantic prosody were identified. In addition to co-occurring with words that have positive/negative connotations, “divorce” also demonstrates its semantic prosody characteristics throu
BACKGROUND Gastric phytobezoars(GPBs)are very common in northern China.Combined therapy involving carbonated beverage consumption and endoscopic lithotripsy has been shown to be effective and safe.Existing studies on this subject are often case reports highlighting the successful dissolution of phytobezoars through Coca-Cola consumption.Consequently,large-scale prospective investigations in this domain remain scarce.Therefore,we conducted a randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of Coca-Cola consumption on GPBs.AIM To evaluate the impact of Coca-Cola on GPBs,including the dissolution rate,medical expenses,ulcer rate,and operation time.METHODS A total of 160 consecutive patients diagnosed with GPBs were allocated into two groups(a control group and an intervention group)through computer-generated randomization.Patients in the intervention group received a Coca-Cola-based regimen(Coca-Cola 2000-4000 mL per day for 7 d),while those in the control group underwent emergency fragmentation.RESULTS Complete dissolution of GPBs was achieved in 100% of the patients in the intervention group.The disparity in expenses between the control group and intervention group(t=25.791,P=0.000)was statistically significant,and the difference in gastric ulcer occurrence between the control group and intervention group(χ^(2)=6.181,P=0.013)was also statistically significant.CONCLUSION Timely ingestion of Coca-Cola yields significant benefits,including a complete dissolution rate of 100%,a low incidence of gastric ulcers,no need for fragmentation and reduced expenses.
Phytobezoars is a rare disease and less common in Western countries.The stomach is the primary site for these formations,and endoscopic treatment involving fragmentation and extraction has traditionally been the most effective approach.However,medical treatments using enzymatic and chemical agents,such as cellulase and Coca-Cola,aimed at dissolving the bezoars,have also been utilized,showing varying degrees of resolution success.Notably,the oral dissolution treatment with Coca-Cola has emerged as a promising,simpler,and more costeffective method.The study by Liu et al represents an important step in clinical research on this topic,despite some limitations that need addressing for a more comprehensive understanding of its findings.Key considerations for future research include sample size calculation,endoscopic procedure details,outpatient vs.inpatient treatment,and detailed cost calculations.The study's exclusions,such as patients with upper gastric surgery,phytobezoars older than 14 d,and cases of gastroparesis,limit its applicability to broader populations,especially in Western countries.Given the promising outcomes of the Coca-Cola treatment,it's advocated as a first-line therapy for phytobezoars.Nonetheless,further research is essential to overcome these limitations.However special situations such as perforation or small bowel obstruction will require surgical treatment.
语言学习不仅涉及词法和句法,还需深入探索语境及其整体意义。本研究以COCA语料库为基础,通过分析动词“trigger”的词类联接、语义倾向及语境下的语义韵,研究其扩展意义单位。研究发现动词“trigger”具有广泛的搭配和用法,涉及多个领域,如自然灾害、健康、经济活动等。其类联接形式多样,并展现出多样的语义倾向,包括引发金钱事件、冲突、灾难、疾病等。此外,“trigger”的语义韵包括积极、中立和消极三种,它既可以用来表示积极地引发增长或变化,中立地表达引发某种活动或装置,也可以表示消极地表达引发某种活动或结果等。通过对“trigger”扩展意义的探究可帮助英语学习者深入明白并在正确的语境下使用“trigger”一词。Language learning involves not only morphology and syntax but also delves deeply into exploring context and its holistic meaning. Drawing upon the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), this study investigates the extended meaning unit of the verb “trigger” by analyzing its colligational patterns, semantic preferences, and semantic prosody within various contexts. The research reveals that the verb “trigger” boasts a wide range of collocations and usages, spanning multiple domains such as natural disasters, health, and economic activities. Its colligational patterns are diverse, manifesting a myriad of semantic inclinations, including eliciting monetary events, conflicts, disasters, diseases, and more. Furthermore, the semantic prosody of “trigger” encompasses three distinct categories: positive, neutral, and negative. It can be employed to signify the positive triggering of growth or change, neutrally express the activation of an activity or device, and negatively convey the initiation of an action or outcome. Exploring the extended meaning of “trigger” can help English-language learners understand and use the word “trigger” in the right context.
